A site dedicated to the rational study of the UMMO affair
D63 Twin cosmos - Toroidal nebulae - High-sensitivity thermometer near 0 K
UMMOAELEWEE
No. of copies 1
LANGUAGE Spanish
Date: 25-7-1967
DIONISIO GARRIDO BUENDÍA
MADRID
Sir:
In a telephone conversation you held with us, you asked us to send you a series of reports on astronomical subjects.
The difficulty which we see as hardest to overcome lies precisely in choosing, from the range of our knowledge in this field, those data or that subject which will be most accessible to you within Astrophysics as analysed by the scientists of the Earth.
Perhaps it will please you if from now on we offer you a series of reports on the characteristics of certain entities located in our Galaxy which are practically unknown to the astronomers of the Earth. (At least we have not been able to find the slightest reference to them in the periodical Publications and Bulletins of various Observatories.)
We shall begin today with the IAGIAAIAOO. These are certain Nebulae not classified by you, whose shape in all the cases known to us is Annular (in reality Toroidal). Those of you who are not specialized in subjects related to Astrophysics will perhaps have a vague idea of the various Nebulae studied by Terrestrials up to now.
In this particular case you must not include this type of Nebulae among those you call EXTRAGALACTIC NEBULAE, many of which, as you know, are true Galaxies made up of large numbers of Stars at a high state of Temperature. There is also an immense multitude of Nebulae much smaller than those mentioned, whose composition, structure, Temperature and radiation differ notably from one to another. In some cases they are immense conglomerates of small solid particles, whose mean diameters are usually of the order of 30 centimetres. (For their study we went so far as to establish a densitometric curve, which gives the percentages of these micrometeorites as a function of their size.)
In other cases, also suspected and even analysed by you, the Nebulae are formed of Cosmic dust (we use the terminology familiar to you). We believe, however, that such names used by terrestrial scientists do not really fit reality in certain cases.
Thus, for example, some thousand parsecs from the Earth, on the axis joining your Planet with the Constellation of Sagittarius (an axis passing very close to the Centre of our Galaxy), there is a Nebula whose largest dimension is 0.00017 light-years, made up of crystals of Helium and Hydrogen whose mean size is 0.43 millimetres.
In other cases, the rarefied Composition of such Nebulae is simply Molecular. The Gas may be so rarefied that in one cubic centimetre only the modal value of twenty-six molecules of it can be found.
But the highest percentage of these Nebulae is precisely accounted for by the Group made up of conglomerates of solid particles, whose granulometric composition extends from 0.00003 ENMOO to 0.08 ENMOO (one ENMOO is equivalent to 1.87 terrestrial metres).
A type of Nebula suspected by Terrestrial Astronomers, but whose composition they do not know, is formed of great rarefied masses of ammonia at so low a temperature that the particles are crystallized, forming small prismatic filaments. These clouds strongly polarize light.
But the case that concerns us, and about which we are informing you, is undoubtedly one of the Galactic bodies that intrigued us most at first and that we now regard as of transcendental importance, since its study allows us to estimate (although unfortunately with a considerable margin of error) the alterations of the Space of our WAAM caused by our UWAAM (twin COSMOS).
Many XEE earlier, our experts in Cosmology had located a series of Nebular conglomerates whose topological structure corresponded to the shape of a ring or Toroid of elliptical and very turbulent Section.
These “Nebulae” (as you call them) were named IAGIAAIAOO by our specialists.
Their composition was soon specified: Hydrogen, at so low a Temperature, close to the State of minimum Entropy (you call this State the ABSOLUTE ZERO OF TEMPERATURE), that, without our scientists managing to determine the genuine Temperature, they suspected with well-founded reasons that the HYDROGEN must be in the solid state, forming tiny crystals. The analysis of the Light passing through the medium confirmed this. Some XEE later, YOOGOO 75 Son of YOOGOO 72 discovered the presence of a weak Magnetic Field, whose lines of force lay in planes perpendicular to the toroidal Section.
Naturally, the Hypothesis immediately put forward centred on the idea that these crystallized Hydrogen particles were ionized and moved in laminar or turbulent flow within the Nebula. Under those conditions these particles would constitute a flow of electrically charged particles, a true Electric Current generating that Magnetic Field. However, the careful analyses made (from a distance, of course, since the nearest IAGIAAIAOO is at a distance from the Planet UMMO which, evaluated in terrestrial units, corresponds to some 7.884 light-years) determined that such a flow of particles did not exist. On the other hand a series of strange phenomena were successively revealed. For example: the plane of polarization of the D line of Sodium was rotated by an angle of 0.8 radians, whereas any other wavelength of light underwent no polarization. Furthermore, within the Nebula some lenticular conglomerates of greater density were located which radiated, with strong intensity, trains of gravitational waves with a frequency of 5833 Kilocycles per second. On the other hand it was not possible to detect, at any level of intensity, the slightest sign of radioelectric emission. Everything we knew about these Nebulae was provided by the passage through them of light and Electromagnetic emissions coming from other Stars and galactic Conglomerates. As if the behaviour of these IAGIAAIAOO were not intriguing enough, it was soon discovered that the Magnetic Field, which ordinarily remained in planes perpendicular to the toroid itself, would suddenly change, its plane oscillating without its intensity varying, in an apparently aperiodic and anarchic way. Then the oscillation would gradually decrease until it finally disappeared.
It was UDII 24 son of UDII 23 who found, to his surprise, that such variations in the plane of the Magnetic Field always appeared a few months after one of those enormous curvatures of three-dimensional Space had occurred, which are caused by the UUWAAM (TWIN COSMOS) and which, as you know, since we informed you amply in various earlier reports, are used by our Ships to travel to other points of our Galaxy in times which otherwise, using the straight line in three-dimensional Space, would require intervals so vast that we could not dream of crossing them. These magnetic alterations regularly occurred two XEE (about 0.42 years) after we had recorded such four-dimensional distortions.
At that time our Technology was beginning its first faltering steps (after the sensational discovery that made it possible to invert the orientation of the IBOZOO UU) in long-distance galactic voyages. One of the objectives set was precisely the direct exploration of these strange Nebulae. At that time the first voyages were made by means of autonomous equipment, something like the radio-guided rockets that you Terrestrials use in the present phase of your space explorations. The only difference lay in the fact that the study procedure and the route the first OAWOLEA UEWA (SHIPS) were to follow were programmed beforehand in a Titanium crystal, memorizing all the instructions in it. The equipment on board the Ship was thus controlled during its exploration without any of our brothers travelling inside it. This may perhaps surprise you, since you would think, apparently with reason, that it would be much easier to carry out the process by remote control by means of radio-electromagnetic emissions; but do not forget that such control is impossible once the Spacecraft has undergone the OWWOLEEIDDAA, the process by which its subatomic particles undergo an inversion to another three-dimensional system. Under those conditions a train of electromagnetic waves propagates within the previous three-dimensional system (the one familiar to us), and its radiation Field is now inaccessible to the Ship. Of course, once it has reached its point of destination, the equipment is reintegrated into the abandoned three-dimensional Medium; but by then the distance separating it from our Planet UMMO is perhaps tens of light-years, and Radioelectric control under those conditions becomes difficult; and there is no question of dreaming of remote control with Gravitational Waves (a Technology which, incidentally, you do not yet know), since the energy of these emissions is infinitesimal.
Indeed: the first OAWOOLEA UEWAA that travelled towards the nearest of those Nebulae, which we call IAGIAIAAOO UO because it was the first detected, carried within it a series of instruments for its study and exploration. Thus we were able to discover one of the most fascinating characteristics of these Nebulae.
The Temperature-study equipment revealed a phenomenon that at first left our scientists perplexed. It revealed that the Temperature within the Nebula was -270º (270 degrees below zero on the terrestrial centigrade scale), that is, somewhat more than three degrees Kelvin. For 0.7 XEE (1 XEE, as you will remember, is equivalent to 0.21 terrestrial years) that temperature remained constant. But suddenly it underwent a sharp drop, reaching 273.14º below zero, that is, some two tenths above what you call absolute zero.
This enigma remained uninterpreted for quite a long time. These violent alterations in the temperature of the gaseous nucleus occurred aperiodically. But our researchers were astonished to find that there was a significant correlation index between that thermal drop and the subsequent appearance of folds in three-dimensional Space caused by the other UUWAAM. Unfortunately the interval separating the two instants (Thermal drop and Four-dimensional Folding) suffered from a considerable latitude, from 0.4 XEE to 3.3 XEE. So that, once the drop in Temperature had been observed, ISODYNAMIC conditions in Space, very favourable for certain Galactic voyages, could be predicted for “a near future”, but with margins of error in Time as wide as we have just indicated.
Precisely around these dates we brothers stationed on the Earth are awaiting a favourable Folding phase, during which one of our Ships will travel to Spain, another to South America, and the third to Australia or also to South America. The interval of error extends, as the least probable limit date, to the sixth or seventh of June 1967. This phenomenon, which occurs only in this Type of Nebula, constitutes for us, despite its extreme imprecision, the only scientific way of estimating or predicting the possibilities of our voyages.
We now reveal to you the technical procedure we use to measure precisely the instant at which the thermal drop occurs. This apparatus, which you terrestrials, if you do not know it, can build with the technical means within your reach, constitutes a true thermometer capable of recording the slightest alteration in the range of Temperatures close to absolute zero.
We use a small cylindrical rod of TANTALUM. This metal, known to you, has the property of becoming superconducting at a Temperature which, expressed in Terrestrial degrees Kelvin, is about 4.4 K. If you are not familiar with the property of SUPERCONDUCTIVITY you can read about it in any terrestrial treatise on Electrical Engineering: certain metals which at ordinary temperatures present a certain Resistance to the passage of electric Current lose their resistance abruptly when the temperature drops close to ABSOLUTE ZERO. The current circulates without obstacle, so that a ring of these metals (TANTALUM, LEAD, NIOBIUM, ALUMINIUM, etc.) can maintain a perpetual circulation of current within it for years. It is a marvellous experiment that all Terrestrials should know, and which was already discovered by Terrestrial Physicists many years ago.
Try the experiment in the Laboratory: subject a TANTALUM rod to that low Temperature. Once the state of Superconductivity has been reached, bring a MAGNET close. The galvanometer will abruptly show a drop in current. The TANTALUM has recovered its RESISTANCE; it has become a normal conductor with its characteristic RESISTIVITY. That is: within a Magnetic Field the metal loses its SUPERCONDUCTIVITY again. If we want it to reach ZERO RESISTANCE again, we must lower the TEMPERATURE further, approaching more closely the STATE of MINIMUM ENTROPY that you call ABSOLUTE ZERO.
Now you will be able to understand, Mr. GARRIDO, the behaviour of our device. The TANTALUM Rod is surrounded by a winding 
enclosed in an ISOTHERMAL chamber. Through this coil flows a strong current capable of creating a MAGNETIC FIELD of about 500 Oersted. On the other hand the TANTALUM, through which an electric current is flowing, is kept inside a non-insulating cylindrical capsule containing SOLIDIFIED HYDROGEN at a Temperature of 3.5 degrees KELVIN, that is, some 3.66 degrees above Absolute Zero. Under these conditions the TANTALUM is a NORMAL CONDUCTOR owing to the strong Magnetic Field. But if the Temperature of the surrounding Medium suddenly drops, it is enough for it to fall below 3 degrees KELVIN for the TANTALUM TO BECOME A CONDUCTOR; a strong electric current then flows, and in this way the Thermal Change is recorded.
This THERMOMETER, however, has become outdated. Apart from these macrophysical devices, we evaluate Temperature by molecular monitoring within a crystal of Cerium Chloride.
These Nebulae, as I was telling you, constitute true organs that work by RESONANCE, tuning in to the first symptoms of Spatial Distortion. Your brother Mr. SESMA MANZANO received some time ago a series of reports in which we described this Cosmic phenomenon. Since in a telephone conversation with him we asked that all his reports be made available to Scientists and other Brothers of your Planet, without prejudice to his keeping the originals, you can consult them, although they are written at a popularizing level.
How is it that such Nebulae can be sensitized by a phenomenon that affects nothing less than the Fabric of multidimensional Space? In a forthcoming Report we shall give you more information on this. All that remains for us now is to urge that Specialists in Astrophysics pay very special attention to these Nebulae which, although small on the Large scales of Our Cosmos, and impossible to locate with the present Optical and Radiotelescopic Instruments of the Earth, you will not be long in locating.
Although you do not suspect its significance, we congratulate the American scientists of the NASA photographic departments who in their laboratories have succeeded in perfecting a PHOTOGRAPHIC SENSITIVE EMULSION that can be considered TRULY ORTHOPHOTIC, of great LATITUDE. (Until now most Emulsions were not truly Orthophotic but Anorthophotic. This term is used in Sensitometry to specify the inconstancy of the Gamma value or Slope of the Characteristic curve of an Emulsion. (By the way, we draw the attention of the specialists in Photographic Technique of the Earth to the INCORRECT EXPRESSION EMULSION, since Physicists define an Emulsion as a Liquid suspension in a medium that is also Liquid (U-C Note: Not entirely clear, but it should read ‘Liquid’), a Case that does not correspond to the Suspension of granules of Silver Halides in Gelatine.)
Well then: the discovery of this “Emulsion” will facilitate in the near fu
(U-C Note: The letter ends abruptly like this)
